Feeding under the bark of a loblolly pine tree killed by pine engraver beetles. Monochamus galloprovincialis pine sawyer beetle econex. Gutowski, qingfan meng, yan li, wentao gao, jeff fidgen, troy kimoto. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Miller dr1, dodds kj, eglitis a, fettig cj, hofstetter rw, langor dw, mayfield ae 3rd, munson as, poland tm, raffa kf. Exotic wood borerbark beetle monochamus alternatus survey reference last updated. Monochamus is a genus of longhorn beetles found throughout the world.
It has a wide distribution, occurring naturally throughout europe and the caucasus. Curculionidae pheromones volume 147 issue 5 krista ryall, peter silk, reginald p. To reduce the damage caused by this nematode in pine forests, timely control measures are needed to suppress the cerambycid beetle population. Cerambycidae in pine forests of canada and the united states daniel r. The pine sawyer monochamus galloprovincialis is the european vector of the recently introduced pine wood nematode. The panel on plant health performed a pest categorisation of non.
Cerambycidae minki kim, jusub kim, juhwan hant, youngjae kim, changmann yoon and gilhah kim department of plant medicine, chungbuk national university, 12 gaesindoug, chcongju, chungbuk, 361763, republic of korea ichungbuk institute of forest. They are commonly known as sawyer beetles or sawyers, as their larvae bore into dead or dying trees, especially conifers such as pines. Both pine sawyer beetles and bark beetles oviposit on weakened trees at around the same time, and bark beetles transport a polyphyletic group of ophiostomatoid fungi commonly known as. The study of the life history dynamics of the pine sawyer beetle monochamus galloprovincialis olivier is important because the beetles vector the pinewood nematode. Gene expression profiles in japanese pine sawyer monochamus alternatus exposed to a sublethal dose of imidacloprid.
Cerambycidae, the pine sawyer university of massachusetts amherst campus. Present interest in several species of monochamus concerns. Experiment 3 tested the efficacy of monochamol, cubeb oil, ez fuscumol, and ezfuscumol acetate on capture of monochamus spp. Lamiinae was observed on pine trees in an outdoor net cage kept in one healthy pine tree and a cluster of pinelogs cut over one month to attract the beetles. Population dynamics of monochamus galloprovincialis olivier. First detection of pine wood nematode vector, monochamus. Coleoptera article pdf available october 2015 with. A model for predicting spring emergence of monochamus. Gene expression profiles in japanese pine sawyer monochamus. Pdf distribution, hosts and parasitoids of monochamus. It has also been introduced into the canary islands.
Each funder only pays for the participation of their own national researchers. Since then and up to 2007, it has been found in 1 citiescounties in 12 provinces, and has resulted in tremendous timber losses. Pdf cerambycidae attracted to semiochemicals used as lures. In the eppo region, pwn has established in continental portugal, where the main vector is monochamus galloprovincialis. Trap lure blend of pine volatiles and bark beetle pheromones for monochamus spp. This nematode pathogen feeds on blue stain fungi innoculated into a weakened tree, but can also kill susceptible healthy pine trees by clogging vascular bundles, causing a condition called pine wilt disease. Monochamus alternatus hope, 1843 other system links. Differential bioactivity of ips and dendroctonus coleoptera. Monochamus coleoptera, cerambycidae is part of the monochamini tribe which is made up of more than 600 species grouped into almost 100 genus. Patterns of woodboring beetle activity following fires and. An operative kairomonal lure for managing pine sawyer. In central europe, however, it certainly belongs to the rarest longhorn beetle species.
Monochamus saltuarius gebler is a vector that transmits the pine wood nematode, bursaphelenchus xylophilus, to korean white pine, pinus koraiensis, in korea. Increasingly frequent and severe drought in the western united states has contributed to more frequent and severe wildfires, longer fire seasons, and more frequent bark beetle outbreaks that kill large numbers of trees. Zoology and wildlife conservation biochemical assays cerambycidae genetic aspects gene expression identification and classification insecticides health aspects. Parasitoids of monochamus galloprovincialis coleoptera, cerambycidae. The japanese pine sawyer, monochamus alternatus hope coleoptera. First records of the nutria, myocastor coypus, in the transpecos region of texas p. Cerambycidae in pine forests of canada and the united states. An operative kairomonal lure for managing pine sawyer beetle. Cerambycidae species, with attraction synergised by host plant volatiles and bark beetle coleoptera. Cerambycidae japanese pine sawyer hosts capsapproved survey method majorprimary hosts pinus spp. In the eppo region, pwn has established in continental portugal, where the main vector is. Mating behavior of pine sawyer, monochamus saltuarius. Key words coleoptera, scolytidae, cerambycidae, buprestidae. Voucher specimens for all species reported are deposited at the pacific forestry centre, canadian forest service, victoria, bc.
Monochamus galloprovincialis, the pine sawyer beetle, also referred to as the black pine sawyer beetle, is a species of beetle in the family cerambycidae. Adults cause round emergence holes, oviposition scars on the bark and. To validate the forecasting model for different local populations in 2011 and 2012, at least 20 p. In china, the pinewood nematode was first recorded in nanjing in 1982 ning et al. Tree species surveyed for the presence of monochamus galloprovincialis. Pine wilt disease is closely associated with pine sawyer beetles in the genus monochamus cerambycidae himelick, 1982. Japanese pine sawyer, monochamus saltuarius coleoptera. These beetles do not attack the bole of healthy pine and oviposite only into the weakened or dead one oda, 1967. A maleproduced aggregation pheromone of monochamus alternatus coleoptera. Pdf cerambycidae attracted to semiochemicals used as. The eggs are laid on the bark, and the young larva, as soon as hatched, proceeds to burrow into the tree. Of the 33 samples of coniferous packaging wood with symptoms of insect attack, 48. The adult is about 10 mm long and has mottled brown and gray scales except at the tip of the wing covers and typical. Climate change is expected to perpetuate these trends, especially in montane ecosystems, calling for improved strategies for managing.
Mating behavior of pine sawyer, monochamus saltuarius gebler. Trap lure blend of pine volatiles and bark beetle pheromones. In asia, this species has proven to be an important vector of an introduced pathogenic nematode, the pine wood nematode, bursaphelenchus xylophilus steiner and buhrer nickle, which kills asian pines. To develop molecular identification tests for monochamus spp. Japanese pine sawyer, monochamus alternatus hope, is native to asia, principally china, japan and korea. Cerambycidae, a major vector of pine wood nematode stephen a. Cerambycidae use pheromones is thought to depend on the phylogeny, rather than on the host resource availability 14. Kairomonal response by four monochamus species coleoptera. Dispersal of the japanese pine sawyer, monochamus alternatus. Larvae of tragosoma depsarium feed primarily in the decaying sapwood of dead, fallen trunks, and occasionally in old stumps cf. Mating behavior of the pine sawyer, monochamus saltuarius gebier cerambycidae. Parasitoids of monochamus galloprovincialis coleoptera. July 29, 2016 1 monochamus alternatus hope coleoptera.
When fieldtested with multiplefunnel traps british. The cerambycidae is a very large family of woodborers, living in decaying wood, and also attacking living trees. It was described by olivier in 1795, originally under the genus cerambyx. Biology and control of monochamus and tetropium, the. The male and female genitalia characters of the european species of monochamus dejean, 1821. On occasion, pumpkins may be attacked by the cerambycid beetle, apomecyna binubila coleoptera. Japanese pine sawyer, monochamus alternatus coleoptera. Image 5203073 is of carolina pine sawyer beetle monochamus carolinensis adults. Biology and control of monochamus and tetropium, the economic. Ambayeba muimbakankolongo, in food crop production by smallholder farmers in southern africa, 2018.
Further evidence that monochamol is attractive to monochamus coleoptera. Coleoptera, cerambycidae with a description of the genitalia. Cerambycidae attracted to semiochemicals used as lures for monochamus spp. Monochamus dejean is an insect genus in the family cerambycidae. The cerambycidae captured in the traps are shown in table 1. Screening is based on characters of the elytra and scutellum as well as general notes on size. The panel on plant health performed a pest categorisation of noneu monochamus spp. When sawyer adult pairs released into net cage, they all moved to the pinelogs. We investigated the hypothesis that woodboring beetles in the genus monochamus cerambycidae utilize pheromones of sympatric bark beetles as hostfinding kairomones. Forest entomology trap lure blend of pine volatiles and bark beetle pheromones for monochamus spp.
They are commonly known as sawyer beetles or sawyers, as their larvae bore into dead or dying trees, especially conifers 1 such as pines. In the subfamily prioninae, females emit volatile sex pheromones 15, whereas in the subfamilies cerambycinae, spondylinae, and in monochamus spp. This nematode pathogen feeds on blue stain fungi innoculated into a weakened tree, but can also kill susceptible healthy pine trees by clogging vascular bundles, causing a. Cerambycidae, is a major pest of coniferous forests, especially pines pinus spp. The severe damage to pine trees pinus densiflora and p. They are the type genus of the monochamini, a tribe in the huge longhorned beetle subfamily lamiinae, but typically included in the lamiini today if sawyer beetles infect freshly cut pine. State regulated list this map identifies those states that list this species on their regulated list. July 29, 2016 3 biology and ecology in japan, adult emergence can begin in midapril to late june, depending on weather conditions. F e trap lure blend of pine volatiles and bark beetle. Larvae develop in all species of pine within its geographical range, the eastern united states linsley and chemsak, 1984. Figure 4 larval gallery of monochamus sutor linnaeus cerambycidae. Although it is not known to cause extensive mortality on hosts abies, larix and pinus spp. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy. Gutowski, qingfan meng, yan li, wentao gao, jeff fidgen, troy kimoto, taylor scarr, vic mastro, jon d.
Population dynamics of monochamus galloprovincialis. Carolina pine sawyer beetle, monochamus carolinensis. Monochamus spp insect vectors of bursaphelenchus xylophilus. In various members of the family, however, the antennae are quite short e. This sawyer occurs throughout the eastern and southern united states and is destructive to pine logs held in storage or pines killed by natural or manmade catastrophes. Monochamus species may also vector the nematodes b. Further evidence that monochamol is attractive to monochamus. Species can be identified using taxonomic keys at national and regional level, and dna barcoding. Developed by the university of georgia bugwood network in cooperation with usda forest service forest health protection, usda aphis ppq, georgia forestry commission, texas forest service.
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